The March 23, 1748 Abbot napoletano Martorelli, supported by military engineer Roque de Alcubierre, who believed he was on the trail of the ancient city of Stabia, opened the first excavation at Civita shipyard at the cross-roads of Stabia and Nola. Were found coins, objects, statues and frescoes and especially appeared the first victim of the eruption: a skeleton! At this stage he made sporadic and disorganised explorations at various points of the area led to the identification of the reservoir of the amphitheatre and the necropolis of Porta Ercolano with adjacent buildings.
The lack of interest led the shipyard de Alcubierre to move the action back to Herculaneum. In 1750 there was the fortunate discovery of the Villa of the papyri with its magnificent library of 1800 and the papyri collection of bronze statues. In 1754 resumed excavations at Pompeii with the exploration and the riseppellimento of Cicero's Villa at Herculaneum Gate already identified in 1749, and the Praedia of Julia Felix North of the amphitheatre.
In 1763, during the excavations of the necropolis of Porta Ercolano, was it possible to associate the Civita Hill with the ancient city of Pompeii, thanks to the discovery of the inscription of Titus Suedius Clemens, was explicit in the Res Publica Pompeianorum size.
From 1759 to 1799 with the Regency of King Ferdinand IV, but especially under the impulse of his wife Maria Carolina, excavations proceeded more rapidly for a more careful planning, due to the new excavation director Francesco La Vega.
Between 1764 and 1766 begins the excavation of the area of theatres, Triangular hole and the Temple of ISIS, which will be fully excavated in the early years of the next century. The shipyards were also planted in the northwestern part of the city where between 1760 and 1772 were partially explored the insula occidentalis, the surgeon's House and the Villa di Diomede, along the street of Tombs were found in their underground eighteen victims of the eruption and a treasure trove of gold and silver coins. The excavations started in 1748, during the reign of Charles of Bourbon, King of the two Sicilies, with the intent of giving prestige to the prevailing Royal House.
It proceeded intermittently and in different spots of the area, which until recent years was identified as Pompeii, without a systematic plan. They were thus brought to light part of the necropolis outside porta Ercolano, the Temple of ISIS, part of the theater district.
The period of French occupation in the early 1800, saw an increase of excavations, which was off with the return of the Bourbons. He worked in the area of the amphitheater and the hole and still to bring Herculaneum and Theatreland. Big Echo was the discovery of the casa del Fauno, with the large mosaic depicting the battle of Alexander.
After the unification of Italy and Giuseppe Fiorelli's appointment as head of the excavations (1861) was a turning point in the way of working. You tried to connect the cores already highlighted and proceed systematically, to hold more detailed excavation reports, leaving in place the paintings (formerly were removed and taken to the Museum of Naples).

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