The natural lens of the eye is made up primarily of water and protein.
In a normal eye this protein is distributed in a precise manner that allows the lens to be clear but when this protein begins to clump together and cause the lens to become cloudy, this condition is called a cataract.
While many scientists and researchers have studied the condition of cataracts, they have yet to discover what exactly causes the formation of cataracts in some individuals; however, epidemiological studies have identified certain risk factors that may be associated with the development of cataracts.
Gender and Cigarette Smoking Some research studies have shown that the condition of cataracts is more prevalent among women than men.
One research study suggests that hormonal differences may play a roll and that a deficiency in estrogen due to menopause may be a factor.
This study also suggests that the usage of "HRT" or "hormonal replacement therapy" may reduce the risk of developing cataracts.
Many studies conducted on the link between smoking and the development of cataracts has shown that individuals who smoke are three times more likely to develop cataracts than non-smokers.
It is believed that the oxygen-free radicals produced by smoke as well as other pollutants are a contributing factor in the development of cataracts.
The Risk Factor of Steroids and Cataract Development Studies have established that the prolonged use of steroids also contribute to the development of cataracts, however, no determination pertaining to the exact length of time steroids can be used before the risk of developing cataracts significantly increases.
One study showed that seventy five percent of patients using the oral steroid prednisone of 15g or more daily for more than a year developed cataracts and individuals who use inhalation steroids for the treatment of asthma also had a thirty percent greater risk of developing cataracts than non-users.